Existem muitas maneiras de introduzir um ensaio acadêmico ou artigo curto. A maioria dos escritores acadêmicos, no entanto, parece fazer um ou mais dos seguintes em suas introduções:
- estabelecer o contexto, antecedentes e/ou importância do tópico
- apresentar um problema, problema ou controvérsia no campo de estudo
- definir o tópico e / ou termos-chave usados no artigo
- declarar a finalidade do ensaio ou artigo curto
- fornecer uma visão geral da cobertura e / ou estrutura da redação
Introduções um pouco menos complexas podem simplesmente informar o leitor: qual é o tópico, por que é importante e como a escrita é organizada. Em tarefas muito curtas, não é incomum um escritor começar simplesmente declarando o objetivo de sua escrita.
As introduções a dissertações e teses de pesquisa tendem a ser relativamente curtas em comparação com as outras seções do texto, mas bastante complexas em termos de seus elementos funcionais. Alguns dos elementos mais comuns incluem:
- estabelecer o contexto, antecedentes e/ou importância do tópico
- fazendo uma breve revisão da literatura acadêmica relevante
- identificação de um problema, controvérsia ou lacuna de conhecimento no campo de estudo
- declarar o(s) objetivo(s) da pesquisa e as questões ou hipóteses de pesquisa
- fornecendo uma sinopse do projeto e método(s) de pesquisa
- explicando a importância ou o valor do estudo
- definindo certos termos-chave
- fornecendo uma visão geral da dissertação ou estrutura do relatório
Exemplos de frases que são comumente empregadas para realizar essas funções podem ser vistos nos títulos listados abaixo. Observe que pode haver uma certa sobreposição entre algumas das categorias nas quais as frases estão listadas. Além disso, a ordem na qual as diferentes categorias de frases são mostradas reflete uma ordem típica, mas isso está longe de ser fixo ou rígido, e nem todos os elementos estão presentes em todas as introduções.
Vários analistas identificaram padrões comuns na introdução de artigos de pesquisa. Um dos padrões mais conhecidos é o modelo CARS (create a research space/criar um espaço de pesquisa) descrito pela primeira vez por John Swales (1990). Esse modelo, que utiliza uma metáfora ecológica, possui, em sua forma mais simples, três elementos ou movimentos:
- Estabelecimento do território (estabelecimento da importância do tópico, revisão de trabalhos anteriores)
- Identificando um nicho (indicando uma lacuna no conhecimento)
- Ocupar o nicho (listar o objetivo de uma nova pesquisa, listar perguntas, declarar o valor do trabalho, indicar a estrutura da redação)
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| While Whilst Although |
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In this paper, I argue that …
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The aim of this essay is to explore the relationship between …
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This case study seeks to examine the changing nature of …
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Five works will be examined, all of which …
This investigation takes the form of a case-study of the …
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This study uses a qualitative case study approach to investigate …
The research data in this thesis is drawn from four main sources: …
The approach to empirical research adopted for this study was one of …
This dissertation follows a case-study design, with in-depth analysis of …
By employing qualitative modes of enquiry, I attempt to illuminate the …
Qualitative and quantitative research designs were adopted to provide …
Both qualitative and quantitative methods were used in this investigation.
A holistic approach is utilised, integrating X, Y and Z material to establish …
The study was conducted in the form of a survey, with data being gathered via …
The methodological approach taken in this study is a mixed methodology based on …
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This is the first study to …
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This work will generate fresh insight into …
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Understanding the link between X and Y will help …
This is the first study to undertake a longitudinal analysis of …
The present research explores, for the first time, the effects of …
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Characterisation of X is important for our increased understanding of …
It is hoped that this research will contribute to a deeper understanding of …
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Therefore, this study makes a major contribution to research on X by demonstrating …
There are several important areas where this study makes an original contribution to …
The experimental work presented here provides one of the first investigations into how …
The thesis does not engage with …
It is not the task of this paper to examine …
This study is unable to encompass the entire …
Establishing X is beyond the scope of this study.
It is beyond the scope of this study to examine the …
A full discussion of X lies beyond the scope of this study.
The reader should bear in mind that the study is based on …
Another potential problem is that the scope of my thesis may be too broad.
Due to practical constraints, this paper cannot provide a comprehensive review of…
I became interested in Xs after reading …
My interest in this area developed while I was …
I have worked closely with X for many years and …
My personal experience of X has prompted this research.
My main reason for choosing this topic is personal interest.
It is my experience of working with X that has driven this research.
This project was conceived during my time working for X. As a medical advisor, I witnessed …
* sometimes found in the humanities, and the applied human sciences
The first section of this paper will examine…
This paper begins by … It will then go on to …
My thesis is composed of four themed chapters.
The essay has been organised in the following way.
The remaining part of the paper proceeds as follows: …
The main issues addressed in this paper are: a), b) and c).
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This paper has been divided into four parts. The first part deals with …
The third chapter is concerned with the methodology used for this study.
The overall structure of the study takes the form of six chapters, including …
Chapter Four analyses the results of interviews and focus group discussions undertaken during …
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The fourth section presents the findings of the research, focusing on the three key themes that …
The term ‘X’ will be used in this thesis to refer to …
Historically, the term ‘X’ has been used to describe …
It is necessary here to clarify exactly what is meant by …
The phrase ‘X’ will be used in this study to describe the …
According to Smith (2002), X can be defined as follows: ‘ … ’
In this article, the abbreviation XYZ will be used to refer to …
Throughout this dissertation, the term ‘X’ will be used to refer to …
The term ‘X’ is a relatively new name for …, commonly referred to as …
In this essay, the term ‘X’ will be used in its broadest sense to refer to all …
In this dissertation, the terms ‘X’ and ‘Y’ are used interchangeably to mean …
While a variety of definitions of the term X have been suggested, this paper will use the definition first suggested by Smith (1968) who saw it as …
Fonte: http://www.phrasebank.manchester.ac.uk/introducing-work em 22/04/2020